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As a result, the electrochemical performance and safety of LIBs could be severely impacted due to (1) the decomposition of cathode materials, (2) the decomposition of solid electrolyte interface (SEI), (3) the decomposition of electrolyte, and (4) significant self-discharging kinetics with trace H 2O in batteries. The formed HF could, in turn, enhance the production of H 2O. PF 5 could react with trace amount of H 2O in the electrolyte, producing HF and PF 3O molecules. Particularly, there is an equilibrium reaction of the decomposition of LiPF 6 to LiF and PF 5 in electrolyte. The short service life of batteries results from inevitable side reactions during long-term cycling, which produces detrimental small molecules, such as H 2O and HF. However, much effort has been made to improve the service life of LIBs.
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Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the dominant energy storage device for portable electronics due to high gravimetric energy and power density among commercial secondary batteries. The discharge capacity retention of NMC622 half-cell with after 100 cycles is 98.6% of its initial discharge capacity, which is higher than that of a cell with the Celgard 2400 separator (91.9%).
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When the current density increased from 0.2 to 5 C, the discharging capacity of the cell with declines from 177.6 to 143.2 mAh g −1, demonstrating an excellent capacity retention of 80.6%. In addition, it can lower the moisture value in the battery system to 13 ppm, which significantly improves the electrolyte quality. separator exhibits high thermal stability and carbonate electrolyte wettability. Herein, a functionalized poly(vinylidene separator modified by 4-Å molecular sieves (MS) was fabricated by hydrothermal method for LIBs. It is also extremely important to eliminate the hazardous small molecules (e.g., H 2O and HF) inside the battery to enhance the service life. However, commercial separators exhibit poor electrolyte wettability and limited safety. Separators in the battery play a critical role in terms of the rate capability, cycle life, and safe operation. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the most important energy storage system.